Bleijenberg N, et al., 2016 | Single-blind, three-arm, cluster RCT (analyzed differences at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-up) | 3092 community-dwelling frail people aged ≥ 60 years (790 participants in the screening arm, 1446 in the screening + nurse-led care arm, and 856 in the usual care arm) | To evaluate the effectiveness of the Utrechr PRO active Frailty Intervention Trial (U-PROFIT) in preserving daily functioning of frail older adults in primary care | Utrecht, The Netherlands | Intervention arm 1: Frailty screening followed by routine care from a general practitioner Intervention arm 2: Frailty screening followed by personalized nurse-led care Control arm | “Primary outcome” 1) No differences in mean Katz-15 scores among the three groups after 6 months 2) Less decline in daily functioning in both intervention groups compared to the control group (95% CI = 1.77 to 1.97, P = 0.03) after 12 months 3) Significantly better preservation of daily functioning in more highly educated participants in the screening and nurse-led care group compared to all participants in the screening and control groups (95% CI = 1.80 to 1.96, P = 0.03) “Secondary outcomes” 1) No significant differences among the three groups with respect to quality of life and satisfaction with care at 6- or 12-month follow-up 2) No significant differences in the number of hospital admissions, number of emergency department visits, or mortality |
Dijk H, et al., 2016 | Matched quasi -experimental study (analyzed differences at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-up) | 392 community-dwelling frail older people aged ≥70 years (186 in the intervention group and 186 in the control group) | To evaluate the effects of Integrated Neighborhood Approaches (INAs) on health-related quality of life and well-being in frail older people | Rotterdam, The Netherlands | INAs implemented group and “usual” care and support group | No substantial differences in well-being or health related quality of life between the intervention and control groups at 1 year. |