Bleijenberg N, et al., 2016

Single-blind, three-arm, cluster RCT (analyzed differences at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-up)

3092 community-dwelling frail people aged ≥ 60 years (790 participants in the screening arm, 1446 in the screening + nurse-led care arm, and 856 in the usual care arm)

To evaluate the effectiveness of the Utrechr PRO active Frailty Intervention Trial (U-PROFIT) in preserving daily functioning of frail older adults in primary care

Utrecht, The Netherlands

Intervention arm 1: Frailty screening followed by routine care from a general practitioner

Intervention arm 2: Frailty screening followed by personalized nurse-led care Control arm

“Primary outcome”

1) No differences in mean Katz-15 scores among the three groups after 6 months

2) Less decline in daily functioning in both intervention groups compared to the control group (95% CI = 1.77 to 1.97, P = 0.03) after 12 months

3) Significantly better preservation of daily functioning in more highly educated participants in the screening and nurse-led care group compared to all participants in the screening and control groups (95% CI = 1.80 to 1.96, P = 0.03)

“Secondary outcomes”

1) No significant differences among the three groups with respect to quality of life and satisfaction with care at 6- or 12-month follow-up

2) No significant differences in the number of hospital admissions, number of emergency department visits, or mortality

Dijk H, et al., 2016

Matched quasi -experimental study (analyzed differences at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-up)

392 community-dwelling frail older people aged ≥70 years (186 in the intervention group and 186 in the control group)

To evaluate the effects of Integrated Neighborhood Approaches (INAs) on health-related quality of life and well-being in frail older people

Rotterdam, The Netherlands

INAs implemented group and “usual” care and support group

No substantial differences in well-being or health related quality of life between the intervention and control groups at 1 year.