Variables

Control group

(n = 15)

ToM Experimental group

(n = 15)

SIP Experimental group

(n = 15)

χ2/F

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

Sex (% boys)

86%

66%

47%

5.4

CA (in months)

109.6 (12.51)

104.13 (25.37)

0.32

0.32

GDA (in months)

63.47 (16.18)

61.67 (12.57)

0.07

0.07

VDA (in months)

62.1 (15.85)

60.77 (13.27)

0.06

0.06

Family variables

Family income

3.20 (1.15)

3.64 (0.81)

9.99

9.99

Mothers’ education (max = 7)

2.45 (1.44)

2.63 (1.6)

18.16

18.16

Fathers’ education (max = 7)

3.33 (1.22)

3.83 (1.6)

12.33

12.33

Mother-child conversations about emotions

2.1 (0.54)

2.39 (0.83)

0.77

0.77

Father-child conversations about emotions

2.04 (0.79)

3.06 (0.94)

1.96

1.96

ToM

ToM Task Battery total (max = 15)

8.07 (2.52)

8.33 (3.15)

8.33 (2.13)

0.05

Affective ToM Task Battery (max = 6)

4.8 (1.15)

4.93 (1.38)

5.27 (0.88)

0.73

Cognitive ToM Task Battery (max = 6)

2.64 (1.15)

2.86 (1.46)

2.93 (1.62)

0.34

Mixed ToM Task Battery (max = 3)

0.92 (0.95)

0.64 (1.08)

0.13 (0.35)

2.38

ToM emotions (max = 12)

6.9 (1.61)

7.33 (2.77)

8.133 (1.87)

2.45

ToM emotions—causes (max = 6)

3.47 (0.85)

3.80 (1.59)

4.17 (1.25)

1.14

ToM emotions—consequences (max = 6)

2.93 (1.31)

3.53 (1.41)

3.97 (1.38)

2.16

ToM beliefs (max = 5)

2.43 (1.31)

3.13 (1.42)

3.43 (1.35)

2.14

ToM Inventory (max = 20)

12.46 (3.51)

12.5 (3.43)

13.03 (3.51)

0.64

ToM Inventory—Factor 1

13.03 (4.56)

10.88 (3.65)

11.59 (4.35)

0.53

ToM Inventory—Factor 2

15.05 (2.58)

14.61 (3.34)

15.05 (2.39)

0.11

ToM Inventory—Factor 3

15.86 (2.45)

13.65 (4.7)

13.43 (4.88)

1.36

SIP

RES total (max = 140)

61.47 (20.18)

65.27 (28.26)

64.07 (15.9)

0.12

Judgment score on appropriate vignettes (max = 2)

1.77 (0.34)

1.47 (0.72)

1.8 (0.42)

1.89

Judgment score on inappropriate vignettes (max = 2)

1.81 (0.19)

1.84 (0.29)

1.78 (0.22)

0.23

Identification score on appropriate vignettes (max = 1)

0.83 (0.17)

0.72 (0.38)

0.89 (0.18)

1.65

Identification score on inappropriate vignettes (max = 1)

0.72 (0.16)

0.82 (0.26)

0.84 (0.13)

1.79

Justification score on appropriate vignettes (max = 7)

1.59 (1.14)

2.32 (1.66)

2.13 (1.39)

1.09

Justification score on inappropriate vignettes (max = 7)

2.08 (1.34)

2.09 (1.41)

1.8 (0.93)

0.26

Social adjustment

EASE total_Teachers (max = 98)

48.30 (17.19)

54.08 (17.94)

51.75 (20.07)

0.28

EASE ToM_Teachers (max = 52)

25 (8.55)

26.92 (9.23)

26.25 (9.61)

0.13

EASE social skills_Teachers (max = 46)

23.30 (8.93)

27.15 (9.38)

25.5 (10.76)

0.44

EASE total_Parents (max = 98)

59.07 (18.66)

57.38 (19.35)

55.14 (16.01)

0.17

EASE ToM_Parents (max = 52)

28.93 (9.80)

27.85 (10.51)

25.71 (7.78)

0.42

EASE social skills_Parents (max = 46)

30.14 (9.44)

29.38 (9.17)

29.36 (8.68)

0.03

CBCL Externalizing Behaviors

16.47 (10.44)

19.25 (11.51)

17.36 (11.06)

0.21

CBCL Internalizing Behaviors

17.53 (9.03)

18.42 (10.04)

19 (8.76)

0.08