Cases

Risks/Index

Financial mechanism

Target users

Year

Panel A: National disaster relief and government bonds

China (Heilongjiang)

Drought/rainfall

National disaster relief

farmers

-

India

Drought, excessive rainfall/rainfall

National disaster relief

farmers (big, mid, small scale)

2004

Mexico

Drought, flood/rainfall

National disaster relief

State governments, tenant-farmers

2002

Samoa

sealevels rise/sea level

National disaster relief

residents

-

Thailand

Drought/rainfall

National disaster relief

corn tenant farmers

2007

Ukraine

Drought/rainfall

National disaster relief

food crops and tenant farmers

2005

United States (Florida)

Hurricane/wind speed, rainfall

Government bonds, PPP, ILS

residents

-

Panel B: Index-insurance

Brazil

Drought/area yield

Support farmers’ seed programs

corn farmers

2001

Caribbean

Hurricane, Earthquake/wind speed and seismic intensity scale

Catastrophe risk insurance

The governments of Caribbean

2007

Ethiopia

Drought/rainfall

Natural disaster insurance

United Nations World Food Programme (WFP)

2006

Ethiopia

Drought/rainfall

Insurance in rural areas

corn tenant farmers

2006

Ethiopia (Adi Ha)

Drought/rainfall

farmers

straw farmers

-

India

Potato crop failure/temperature and humidity

Agricultural insurance contracts

potato farmers

2007

India

Flood, drought, extreme temperatures, natural disaster, fog, and humidity/temperatures, rainfall

Simple weather index insurance

farmers (big, mid, small scale)

2003

Malawi

Drought/rainfall

Index-based insurance

groundnut farmers

-

Middle America

Drought and excessive rainfall/rainfall

Index insurance

peanut and rice farmers

2007

Mongolia

Large animals died in the harsh climate/regional livestock mortality rate

Livestock insurance

nomads

2006

Turkey

earthquake

Catastrophe Insurance Pool

residents

2000

Vietnam (Mekong Delta)

Flood advance submerged paddy/river rating

Flood insurance

National Agricultural Bank (NAB)

-

Panel C: ILS and PPP

Mexico

Earthquake, hurricane

Catastrophe bond

residents

2006

United Kingdom (Hull)

Flood, snowstorm, sealevels rise/rainfall

PPP, ILS

residents

-

United States (Florida)

Hurricane/wind speed, rainfall

Government bonds, PPP, ILS

residents

-

Panel D: Disclosure system

Malawi

Drought/rainfall

Disclosure of potential

tobacco farmers

2005

Malawi

Drought/rainfall (relative with the production of corn)

National system for drought risk management

Malawi Government

2008