Variable | Unit | Baseline | Year 2 | p-value |
Mean BMI | Kg/m2 (±SD) | 30.3 (±5.5) | 31.4 (±6.9) | NS |
Obese (BMI ≥ 30) | % | 50.5 (57.9% of females) | 56.2 (59.8% of females) | NS |
Mean BP | mmHg (±SD) | 132/79 (±20/11) | 130/78 (±16/11) | NS |
≥140/90 | % | 44.8 | 34 | <0.05ᵃ |
HbA1c | % (±SD) | 8.5 (±2.4) | 8.4 (±1.9) | NS |
<7 |
| 30 | 21.5 |
|
7 - 9 |
| 30.5 | 51 |
|
>9 |
| 39.5 | 27.5 |
|
Mean LDL-C | mg/dL (±SD) | 116 (±39) | 104 (±35) | <0.001ᵃ |
>130 |
| 33.6 | 26 |
|
100 - 130 | % | 30.9 | 26.5 |
|
<100 |
| 35.5 | 47.5 |
|
Mean HDL-C | mg/dL (±SD) | 46.4 (±15) | 42.5 (±12) | 0.043ᵃ |
>39 | % men | 55.6 | 35.4 |
|
>50 | % women | 47.7 | 30.3 |
|
Mean TG | mg/dL (±SD) | 2.2 (±1.8) | 1.9 (±1.5) | NS |
<150 | % | 42.3 | 52 |
|
Mean CRP | mg/L (±SD) | - | 7.9 (±10.0) | - |
Mean creatinine | mg/dl (±SD) | 0.9 (±0.4) | 0.8 (±0.03) | NS |
Microvascular Complications |
|
|
|
|
Mean albuminuria | mg/g Cr (±SD) | 158.2 (± 366) | 142.3 (±339.7) | NS |
Microalbuminuria | % | 46.3 | 45.2 | NS |
30 - 299 mg/g Cr |
| 30 | 34 | - |
≥300 mg/g Cr |
| 12 | 11.2 | - |
Retinopathy | % | 31.1 | 42.6 | <0.05ᵃ |
NPDR |
| 23.6 | 29.3 | - |
PDR |
| 7.5 | 13.3 | - |
Neuropathy | % | 39.9 | 38.7 | NS |
Macrovascular Complications |
|
|
|
|
CAD | % | 19.3 | 24.7 | NS |
PVD | % | 18.3 | 14.0 | NS |
CVA | % | 4.1 | 6.7 | NS |
Medication use |
|
|
|
|
Hypolipidemic RX | % | 39.1 | 54.1 | 0.002ᵃ |
Statin RX | % | 31.7 | 49 | 0.001ᵃ |
ACE or ARB use | % | 46.8 | 59 | 0.012ᵃ |