Name of the Variables

Definition of the Variables

Literature Support

Fabricated News

It is a kind of news where false information is passed off as factual

Barura et al., 2020; Al-Zaman, 2020; Islam et al., 2020

Rootless News

It is a type of news that spreads false or exaggerated information about something which may be intentional or unintentional.

Akon & Bhuiyan, 2020; Islam et al., 2020

Fictitious Belief

Something that is false or does not exist, although some people claim that it is accurate or exists.

Al-Zaman, 2020; Akon & Bhuiyan, 2020; Islam et al., 2020

Psychological Impact

It refers to any factor impacting or arising in the mind related to a person’s mental and emotional state.

Alkhamees et al., 2020; Aylie et al., 2020