GS

Range

Influence of

${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$ :Cl⁻

>1.0

Organic matter and/or CO₂ or recharge area or upper water flow course of carbonate rocks

<1.0

Lower water flow course of carbonate rocks

<0.2

Saline water and brines

Na⁺:Cl⁻

0.876

Seawater

<0.876

Replacement of Na⁺ by Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺

<0.7

Loss of Na⁺ through precipitation of evaporate rocks

>0.1

Waste flow through crystalline or volcanic rocks

Mg²⁺:Ca²⁺

0.5 - 0.7

CaCO₃ rocks

0.7 - 0.9

CaMg(CO₃)₂ rocks