Haemoglobin, mean ± SEM (g/dL)

Gender

Age group (years)

Female

Male

1 - 5

6 - 10

11 - 15

Malaria infection status

Negative

12.1 ± 1.6

12.4 ± 1.2

10.3 ± 1.1

10.4 ± 1.2

10.6 ± 1.3

Positive

7.5 ± 1.4

7.6 ± 1.5

7.4 ± 1.3

7.6 ± 1.2

7.8 ± 1.4

t values

1.542

2.152

2.825

2.954

2.603

P values

0.001

0.001

0.001

0.001

0.001

Malaria symptom status

Asymptomatic

9.1 ± 1.5

9.0 ± 1.1

8.2 ± 1.1

8.4 ± 1.2

8.7 ± 1.3

Symptomatic

7.4 ± 1.3

7.7 ± 1.1

7.2 ± 1.3

7.5 ± 1.2

7.7 ± 1.4

t values

−1.138

−1.273

−1.814

−1.143

−1.034

P values

0.212

0.103

0.192

0.152

0.251