The game		Manufacturer (Leader)
The game		Active management	Passive management
Supplier (participant)	Participation	$U + (1 - α) Δ U_{1} - D - G$ , $R + α Δ U_{1} - C + Δ R_{1}$	$U + Δ U_{2} - D$ , $R - C + Δ R_{2}$
Supplier (participant)	Nonparticipation	$U - D - G$ , $R + W$	$U - D$ , $R$