Demographic and education-related characteristics

PAS scores

NAS scores

Mean PAS scores (SD)

P-value

(P < 0.05)

Mean NAS scores (SD)

P-value

(P < 0.05)

Gender

Female

Male

40.13 (6.005)

40.15 (6.315)

0.977

32.71 (6.1)

31.46 (5.0)

0.134

Doctor Parents

Yes

No

40.13 (4.765)

39.84 (3.426)

0.095

32.93 (5.7)

31.99 (5.8)

0.338

Residence Area

Rural

Urban

39.00 (7.463)

40.72 (5.353)

0.127

34.23 (6.2)

31.31 (5.35)

0.001

Medium of Instruction

Urdu

English

38.56 (7.973)

40.59 (5.405)

0.049

32.73 (5.48)

32.06 (5.8)

0.489