| Theme | Subtheme | Sample Findings | References |
| Monitoring learners’ participation |
| -Observational assessments help teachers monitor student attendance, participation, and study habits. -Self-assessment tools can help assess student behavior and learning achievement, offering valuable data for self-improvement and examination assessment. | |
| Evaluate student commitment | Student interest | -Assessing student interest, curiosity, and enjoyment of learning tasks can reveal their internal drive and potential for long-term success. | |
| Goal orientation | -Evaluating the setting and pursuit of personal goals can indicate students’ commitment, initiative, and self-efficacy in language learning. | | |
| Attitude surveys | Gauging learners’ confidence, anxiety, and perceptions of English language learning can inform adjustments to instruction and provide insights into potential roadblocks. | | |
| Individual Ability |
| -CQ impacts assessment as teachers can evaluate and determine students’ abilities and current shortcomings in English language learning | |
| Identify learning gaps |
| -Analyzing students’ reflections on their learning process can identify challenges and inform solutions to address barriers to English language learning | |