1˚ author

Related factors

Consequences

Moccellin A.S.

More common in previous vaginal birth second childbirth older.

Impairment in personal, social support, relationships, and sexual activity. Little leisure activity, social awkwardness, poor physical security, emotional and negative impact on QOL, worsening of general health perception, decreased sleep.

Hernandez R.V.R.

Pregnant women had lost daily/continuous urine.

Negative impact on QOL affecting the ability to perform the tasks away from home, physical activity, leisure, travel ability, social, emotional state and frustration, especially in mixed UI.

Scarpa K.P.

The instability and pain in the pelvic-lumbar segment, associated with a decrease in voluntary control of the striated muscles of the pelvic floor.

Increased feeling of social and hygienic discomfort and impairment of daily activities.

Sangsawang B.

Increase the mounting pressure of the uterus and fetal weight and hormone related to pregnancy.

More EUI development.

Górbea C.V.

Multiparity and gestational age.

Involvement is increasing in the second trimester of pregnancy.

Wijma J.

Increased pressure during coughing. The degree of incontinence worsens as the pregnancy progresses.

Increased UI on 16% in pregnant women with 12 - 16 weeks, 30% at 28 - 30 weeks and 35% at 36 - 38 weeks of gestation.

Martins G.

Multiparity, lifestyle, obesity, smoking, c onstipation, daily coffee consumption, employment.

Urgency urinary, at night, bed-wetting, and feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.

Sangsawang B.

Age, obesity, smoking, constipation, EUI pre-pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, obesity, BMI.

Development of EUI.

Martínez F.

BMI and third gestational trimester.

The UI does not seriously affect everyday life, but affects physical, mental and social domains of QOL, causing discomfort/anxiety.

Riesco M.L.G.

Older age, a greater number of pregnancies, births and previous vaginal delivery with perineal trauma in the previous delivery, overweight and obesity, previous UI.

UI in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Oliveira C.

Multiparity, vaginal childbirth, overweight, and obesity. More common in black women.

Negatively affect the QOL of women.

Sacomori C.

Age, a number of pregnancies, marital status, constipation, chronic bronchitis and depressive symptoms.

25.7% of the women said that the UI did not interfere in daily life, but 41% said were medium to very interfered.

Bø, K.

Etnia, paridade e idade são associadas à prevalência de IU.

Further development of EUI

Kocaöz S.

Age, parity, history of UTI and constipation, IU in the mother, the sister, IU in a previous pregnancy and the previous postpartum UI.

Most incontinent women said that UI negatively impacted their quality of life.

Adaji S.E.

Older pregnant women, multiparous, vaginal delivery, parity, high gestational age.

Most of the women felt that it did not interfere with daily life, while the rest was interference, significantly changing their daily routines.

Sharma J.B.

Age, parity and previous vaginal deliveries.

The hassle of pregnant women and worsening of quality of life.

Spellacy E.

Vaginal birth, age, episiotomy, and race.

UI usually affects more than half of women (60%).