Model 1

Model 2

Estimated Probability

Effect

Size

Effect

Parameter

Parameter Estimate

SEa

Z

p

Parameter Estimate

SE

Z

p

LS

Meanb

Mc − Sd

M + S

Intercept

b0

0.172

0.304

0.57

0.571

−0.107

0.431

−0.25

0.804

Race

0.443

White

b1

−0.893

0.364

−2.46

0.014

−0.658

0.431

−1.53

0.127

0.351

Black

0.570

Sex

0.006

Boy

b2

−0.011

0.051

−0.21

0.837

−0.022

0.067

−0.33

0.742

0.457

Girl

0.460

Free Lunch Status

0.256

Not Free Lunch

b3

−0.514

0.067

−7.66

<0.001

−0.590

0.100

−5.89

<0.001

0.396

Free Lunch

0.523

Neighborhood

b4

<0.001

<0.001

Grade

b5

0.011

0.016

0.69

0.489

0.057

0.025

2.25

0.024

0.724

0.711

0.029

SAT Reading

b6

−0.004

0.002

−1.98

0.048

0.715

0.665

0.108

SAT Math

b7

0.003

0.002

1.74

0.082

0.701

0.680

0.045

School Violations

b8

0.013

0.011

1.21

0.225

0.677

0.703

0.056