Model 1

Model 2

Estimated Probability

Effect

Size

Effect

Parameter

Parameter Estimate

SEa

Z

p

Parameter Estimate

SE

Z

p

LS

Meanb

Mc − Sd

M + S

Intercept

b0

−3.305

0.191

−17.29

<0.001

−3.164

0.238

−13.29

<0.001

Race

0.381

White

b1

−1.957

0.189

−10.38

<0.001

−1.662

0.207

−8.04

<0.001

0.015

Black

0.095

Sex

0.010

Boy

b2

0.033

0.029

1.11

0.246

−0.055

0.034

−1.63

0.103

0.039

Girl

0.037

Free Lunch Status

0.094

Not Free Lunch

b3

−0.497

0.027

−18.34

<0.001

−0.565

0.039

−14.46

<0.001

0.030

Free Lunch

0.048

Neighborhood

b4

<0.001

<0.001

Grade

b5

0.124

0.006

20.99

<0.001

0.114

0.008

13.58

<0.001

0.119

0.159

0.116

SAT Reading

b6

−0.005

0.001

−6.01

<0.001

0.150

0.122

0.082

SAT Math

b7

−0.002

0.001

−2.36

0.019

0.144

0.127

0.050

School Violations

b8

0.017

0.001

15.12

<0.001

0.119

0.154

0.102