(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

ΔEnergy

consumption

Scale

effect

Composition

effect

Technique

effect

Δtrade

25.5308***

30.9491***

−0.3671

−5.0513***

(6.3563)

(7.5800)

(0.6590)

(1.6450)

Δlog GDP

2.0327

4.6672

0.7355

−3.3699**

(6.5448)

(7.3666)

(0.6997)

(1.5671)

Δsecond

−0.1842*

−0.2595**

0.0412***

0.0341

(0.1111)

(0.1232)

(0.0101)

(0.0259)

Δthird

−0.0405

−0.1314

0.0190*

0.0720***

(0.1044)

(0.1137)

(0.0098)

(0.0242)

Δprice

0.0300**

0.0419***

−0.0033**

−0.0087**

(0.0134)

(0.0160)

(0.0016)

(0.0036)

east

−3.6151

−4.5828*

0.0129

0.9548*

(2.5546)

(2.6930)

(0.2894)

(0.5230)

central

−0.2993

−0.2879

0.1068

−0.1182

(1.5388)

(1.6610)

(0.1863)

(0.3616)

west

3.2046**

3.4080**

−0.6285***

0.4251

(1.4654)

(1.5802)

(0.2259)

(0.3867)

constant

−3.4619

−6.1102

−0.1476

2.7959***

(3.3918)

(3.7154)

(0.3720)

(0.8662)

Observations

285

285

285

285

Score chi2(1)

1.23384

0.66735

1.28709

1.90293

P

0.2667

0.4140

0.2566

0.1678