OLS Estimation Results

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

ΔEnergy consumption

Scale

effect

Composition

effect

Technique

effect

Δtrade

8.1790***

10.1897***

0.2849

−2.2956***

(2.3453)

(2.7284)

(0.3335)

(0.7745)

ΔLogGDP

11.7121**

16.2473***

0.3718

−4.9071***

(4.6948)

(5.4211)

(0.6069)

(1.3924)

Δsecond

−0.3737***

−0.4862***

0.0484***

0.0642***

(0.0725)

(0.0826)

(0.0115)

(0.0212)

Δthird

−0.0660

−0.1620

0.0199*

0.0760***

(0.0963)

(0.1049)

(0.0105)

(0.0242)

Δprice

0.0076

0.0151*

−0.0024**

−0.0051*

(0.0079)

(0.0088)

(0.0012)

(0.0029)

east

1.9981

2.1326

−0.1980

0.0634

(1.9049)

(2.0001)

(0.2396)

(0.3811)

central

0.3084

0.4392

0.0839

−0.2147

(1.3407)

(1.4100)

(0.1856)

(0.3555)

west

2.1036

2.0908

−0.5871***

0.6000

(1.3431)

(1.4107)

(0.2240)

(0.3645)

Constant

−2.8501

−5.3783*

−0.1706

2.6988***

(2.8963)

(3.2185)

(0.3814)

(0.9035)

Observations

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285

285

285