Sternotomy (n = 23)

Minimally Invasive (n = 47)

p-value

Surgical Time (min)

600 (493 - 753)

476 (420 - 542)

0.0083

Deep Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest (DHCA) Time (min)

33 (19 - 53)

30 (22 - 38)

0.6202

Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) Time (min)

133 (102 - 170)

147 (133 - 163)

0.3263

Blood Transfusions

11 (9 - 28)

7.5 (4.5 - 14)

0.0473

Length of Hospital Stay (days)

26 (10 - 114)

12 (9 - 18)

0.0038

Intubation Time (days)

7 (3 - 110)

4 (2 - 7)

0.0102

Adjuvant Therapy

2 (8.7%)

13 (27.7%)

0.0693

XRT

2 (100%)

3 (23.1%)

Systemic Therapy

0 (0%)

9 (69.2%)

Systemic Therapy + XRT

0 (0%)

1 (7.7%)

Perioperative Mortality

7 (30.4%)

4 (8.5%)

0.0179

Overall Mortality

91.3% (21/23)

63.8% (30/47)

0.0152

Recurrence

40.9% (9/22)

43.5% (20/46)

0.8412