Obesity | Non-obesity | p-value | ||
n = 19 | n = 102 | |||
Age (years) | 32 ± 6 | 31 ± 5 | _ | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.8. ± 3.7 | 20.9 ± 1.5 | _ | |
Education | High school | 9 | 48 | NS |
University | 10 | 54 | ||
Occupation | Yes | 12 | 77 | NS |
No | 6 | 25 | ||
Annual income (million yen) | <300 | 6 | 25 | NS |
300- | 9 | 32 | ||
500- | 2 | 22 | ||
Family structure | Nuclear | 14 | 60 | NS |
Expanded | 4 | 41 | ||
Delivery | Primipara | 10 | 57 | NS |
Multipara | 8 | 43 | ||
Experience of | Yes | 9 | 28 | NS |
abortion | No | 9 | 74 | |
Physical condition | Good | 5 | 29 | NS |
Bad | 14 | 73 | ||
Contents (overlapped) | ||||
Morning sickness | 11 | 52 | NS | |
Constipation | 6 | 33 | NS | |
Lower back pain | 5 | 26 | NS | |
Worries about | Yes | 2 | 15 | NS |
own physical condition | No | 17 | 82 | |
Smoking habit before pregnancy | Yes | 7 | 22 | NS |
No | 11 | 80 | ||
Smoking habit of husband | Yes | 14 | 61 | NS |
No | 5 | 41 | ||
BMI (kg/m2) of husband | ≥25 | 10 | 72 | * |
<25 | 9 | 22 | ||
Alcohol consumption | Yes | 13 | 64 | NS |
before pregnancy | No | 5 | 38 | |
Exercise habit before pregnancy | Yes | 2 | 24 | NS |
(at least twice per weeks) | No | 16 | 78 | |
Habit of considering | Yes | 11 | 81 | * |
care about nutritional balance | No | 8 | 21 |