Code

Explanation

Example

C1 invitation

New topics are inconsistent with the previous ones and have a sense of sharing (Reichle, Longhurst, & Stepanich, 1976) .

Example 1, M: I have flowers. C: Mom, what is that?

Example 2, M: This is a lamb. C: What’s in the kitchen?

Example 3, M: Here is the carriage. C: The door is closed (the door of the carriage)

C2 answers

The child responded to the mother’s question within five seconds (Grelle, 2013) /or repeated or partially repeated the mother’s words

Example 1, M: What color is it? C: Blue.

Example 2, M: Go to the beach in the afternoon. C: The beach.

Example 3, M: Mom is here. C: Here.

C3 expands

Provide at least one new piece of information about the topic currently under discussion (Fivush & Fromhoff, 1988) .

Example 1, C: Little brother going to sleep - M: going to sleep - C: eyes closed (expanded).

Example 2, C: This is a fish - C: Small fish swimming (expanded).

C4 repairs

The child adds to his or her own or his or her mother’s words.

Example 1, M: Where is the kitchen? -C: Over here -C: This side is all kitchen (repair).

Example 2, C: xxx -M: What did you say? -C: calf (repair).

Example 3, C: Crying - M: Who is crying? -C: Doll (mend).

C5 non-answer

The mother asks a question, and the child does not answer within five seconds without answering (Grelle, 2013) .

Example 1, M: What are you doing? -C: 0. (child does not answer within five seconds)

C6 idiosyncratic conversation

Words that do not fit the subject matter or are incomprehensible (Zambrana, 2007) .

Example 1, M: Look at the beautiful fish mom drew -C: To give it a place to live (idiosyncratic conversation)

Example 2, M: Do you like it? -C: Eat, eat, eat, eat, eat. (idiosyncratic conversation)