Between time 1 and time 2

Between time 1 and time 3

$F\left(ddl\right)$

p

$eta²$

$F\left(ddl\right)$

p

$eta²$

Problem-solving performance

13.45 (3372)

<0.001

0.10

12.25 (3340)

<0.001

0.10

Situation model

4.77 (3393)

0.003

0.04

15.35 (3364)

<0.001

0.11

Verification

1.24 (3125)

0.285

2.5 (3112)

0.063^b

0.07

Interpretation

7.02 (3268)

<0.001

0.07

13.10 (3262)

<0.001

0.13

Communication

15.94 (3265)

<0.001

0.16

23.00

<0.001

0.22

Pride

2.47 (3310)

0.062^a

6.44 (3295)

<0.001

0.06

Relief

2.65 (3338)

0.050^a

1.40 (3323)

0.242

Boredom

4.47 (3320)

0.004

0.04

1.83 (3314)

0.140

Frustration

4.46 (3225)

0.005

0.06

3.37 (3207)

0.019

0.05

Hopelessness

1.99 (3243)

0.116

2.66 (3240)

0.050^a

Task utility self-persuasion

1.80 (3360)

0.146

4.10 (3312)

0.007

0.04

Help-seeking

2.74 (3390)

0.043^a

1.80 (3338)

0.147

Brief attentional relaxation

6.23 (3400)

<0.001

0.05

5.14 (3343)

0.002

0.04

Negative self-talk

0.71 (3332)

0.549

2.61 (3280)

0.052^b

0.03

Dysfunctional avoidance

1.91 (3321)

0.127

3.76 (3271)

0.011

0.04