Characteristic | Total n (%) | Nephropathy n (%) | No Nephropathy n (%) | RR | CI | p-Value |
Severity of Immunosuppression | ||||||
Baseline WHO Stage | ||||||
1 | 633 (32.3) | 18 (19.6) | 615 (33.0) | 0.51 | 0.31 - 0.84 | 0.01 |
2 | 505 (25.8) | 20 (21.7) | 485 (26.0) | 0.8 | 0.49 - 1.29 | 0.36 |
3 | 638 (32.6) | 42 (45.7) | 596 (31.9) | 1.74 | 1.17 - 2.59 | 0.01 |
4 | 182 (9.3) | 12 (13.0) | 170 (9.1) | 1.46 | 0.81 - 2.63 | 0.2 |
Baseline CD4 Count (cells/µL)-Median (IQR) | 212 (112 - 333) | 210 (162) | 243 (174) | 0.04 | ||
Opportunistic Infections | ||||||
Cryptococcal Meningitis | 34 (1.7) | 3 (3.2) | 31 (1.6) | 1.91 | 0.64 - 5.74 | 0.25 |
Pulmonary Tuberculosis | 332 (16.7) | 34 (36.6) | 298 (15.7) | 2.87 | 1.91 - 4.30 | <0.01 |
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis | 110 (5.5) | 10 (10.8) | 100 (5.3) | 2.05 | 1.10 - 3.85 | 0.02 |
Oesophageal Candidiasis | 81 (4.1) | 9 (9.7) | 72 (3.8) | 2.53 | 1.31 - 4.83 | <0.01 |
Other AIDS Defining Conditions | ||||||
Severe Weight Loss | 33 (1.7) | 1 (1.1) | 32 (1.7) | 0.64 | 0.09 - 4.48 | 0.65 |
HIV Wasting Syndrome | 58 (2.9) | 9 (9.7) | 49 (2.6) | 3.56 | 1.89 - 6.73 | <0.01 |
Kaposi Sarcoma | 15 (0.8) | 1 (1.1) | 14 (0.7) | 1.43 | 0.21 - 9.59 | 0.72 |
Comorbidities | ||||||
Diabetes mellitus | 28 (1.4) | 6 (6.5) | 22 (1.2) | 4.82 | 2.3 - 10.1 | <0.01 |
Hypertension | 231 (11.6) | 20 (21.5) | 211 (11.2) | 2.08 | 1.29 - 3.34 | <0.01 |