| Lab 4 | Stochastic Modelling of Uncertainties | Modelling different types of uncertainties. Using the StatRes tool. |
| L7 | Experimental Design and Variance Reduction | Some more advanced issues. |
| Lab 5 | Time handling and its problems | Brings insight to how the model is updated timestep by timestep, and some problems with this approach. |
| L8 | The Modelling project | Describes the strict requirements for a modelling and simulation project. |
| L9 | Simulation vs. Speculation | Discusses the use and limitations of modelling and simulation. The use of simulation as a crystal ball to predict the future must be condemned, not to cause false, dangerous and costly conclusions. |
| Exam. | Examination (if required). The main examination is completed laboratory exercises. | A possible examination should focus on basic concepts, understanding, how to perform a modelling project, the use and limitations of simulation. Further, the strict distinction between system under study and model, and the understanding where information comes from is crucial. |
| Book | Suggested book: “Thinking in Systems: A Primer” by Donella Meadows [11] . | |
| Project | In a postgraduate course, a Modelling Project can be included. | |