Immunological markers and their plasma levels (pg/ml) | Blood donor groups | Control | ||
| HIV-1 (n = 40) Group I | HBV (n = 40) Group II | HCV (n = 40) Group III | (n = 40) Group IV |
IL-2 | 4.19 ± 1.89* | 5.53 ± 1.69* | 0.30 ± 0.24* | 16.37 ± 4.08 |
IFN-γ | 23.1 ± 2.22* | 23.93 ± 3.68* | 27.53 ± 2.41* | 50.53 ± 3.87 |
IL-4 | 2.5± 1.18 | 3.83 ± 1.97** | 27.15 ± 6.37** | 2.60 ± 1.27 |
IL-10 | 1.2 ± 0.27 | 25.03 ± 4.87** | 29.98 ± 8.12** | 1.23 ± 0.72 |
TNF-α | 12.3 ± 5.21** | 11.03 ± 2.37** | 61.86 ± 21.67** | 3.11 ± 0.48 |
TNFR I | 1.6 ± 0.36** | 1.31 ± 0.76** | 1.02 ± 0.65** | 0.31 ± 0.13 |
TNFR II | 5.8 ± 1.38** | 7.36 ± 2.76** | 4.15 ± 2.01** | 1.23 ± 0.36 |