Research levels

Theme

Dimensions

Influential impact

literatures

Company

Internationalization

Export ratio

+ (High R & D and marketing capabilities)

− (Low R & D and marketing capabilities)

Ren et al. (2015)

Industry

Internationalization

Export^a

Foreign company^b

FDI

+

+

+

Chiarvesio et al. (2015)

Nation

Internationalization

OFDI\IFDI

− (Low absorb capacity)

Filippetti et al. (2017)

Absorb Capacity

Three indicates^c

+