Year

Stage

Background

Main Characteristics

1949-1957

Rapid Development

1) Land Reform

2) Agricultural Socialist Reform

1) The farmer’s land ownership system of “land for the tiller” has been realized, and the major changes in agricultural production relations have been completed.

2) Henan’s agricultural cooperation has been basically completed, and the whole province’s agriculture is on the road to socialism.

1958-1978

Tortuous and wandering stage

1) Civil Commune Movement (1958-1962)

2) Three-year adjustment period (1963-1965)

3) Cultural Revolution (1966-1976)

1) “Communist wind” and “exaggeration wind” prevailed, together with natural disasters and other reasons, causing serious damage to agricultural production and a substantial decline in agricultural production.

2) The agriculture of Henan Province has been temporarily restored during the three-year adjustment period.

3) Henan’s agricultural production and rural economy suffered heavy losses again during the “Cultural Revolution”.

1979-2002

Overall development stage

1) A series of agricultural reforms

2) Family contract responsibility system

1) Reforming the system of unified distribution and purchase of agricultural products and exploring the market-oriented rural reform laid the foundation for the overall prosperity of the rural economy.

2) From 1992 to 2002, we deepened the reform of the whole countryside, especially the reform of the circulation system of agricultural products, and improved the market system of agricultural products and factors.

3) After China’s accession to the WTO, the market of agricultural products has been liberalized in an all-round way, and a pilot project of tax and fee reform in rural areas has been carried out.

2003-now

New pattern stage

1) The Policy of Strengthening Agriculture and Benefiting Agriculture in the New Period

2) Systematic Framework for Overall Urban and Rural Development

1) “Agriculture, countryside and farmers” and “Document No. 1” have ensured food security, increased investment in agriculture, directly subsidized farmers, and abolished agricultural taxes in an all-round way.

2) In 2005, the agricultural tax was first exempted one year ahead of schedule, which ended the history of farmer’s land tax payment in the Central Plains for more than 2000 years.

3) A series of innovations and reforms have transformed Henan Province from a province with insufficient food and clothing to the largest agricultural province in the country.