TQM Philosophy

Common Compliance Practices

Continual Improvement

To achieve organizational excellence, a continuous improvement is required not only in quality but also in others aspects (occupational health and safety, environmental and social accountability) of the organization [29] . When everybody in an organization will hunt for better working procedures an improvement habit will be established in the company. Sometimes new improvement will open some new areas of further improvement. A continuous improvement culture will continue throughout the organization. This culture will also help the company to establish TQM philosophy in the organization.

Employee Participations

Employee participations have a great influence on TQM practices. A friendly working environment will ensure more employee participations in work [30] . This will increase the team spirit as well as moral of the employee. A friendly working environment depends upon some good practices. They are regular payment, job security, formal recruitment, no wages penalties and discriminations. This is also the requirements of social accountability.

Delegation of Authority and Responsibility

TQM initiatives require a top management support to achieve the organizational goal. If the top management to assign authority and responsibility among the employee, everybody will be wait for other people to do their jobs [31] . As a result the organization will fails to achieve its goal.

Although the goal of the different management systems are different in nature. But it is essential to assign authority and responsibility among the employee to achieve these goals.

Employee Training

Training is very much essential to identify and implement several improvement initiatives undertaken by various disciplines [32] . Training will increase the capability and knowledge of the employee how to perform job more efficiently. This will bring greater degree of commitment, motivation, (Therefore, employee development) among the employee as well as higher level of productivity. An important exception of TQM can be fulfilled by training.

Leadership

A wide variety of activities in different management systems are directly linked with firm performance. The role of the leadership is to ensure well matching of existing activities with the objectives of each management system [33] . This will motive the employees towards the ultimate goal of the organizations. Therefore, a good leadership can enhance the productive and constructive approach to the management system in pursuit of TQM implementation.

Employee Empowerment

In order to establish an environment of quality excellence in the organizations, employee participations are obvious. Employee empowerment is a pre-requisite initiative to increase the participations of employee in their works [34] . Therefore, employee empowerment is the ultimate measure of firm performance, which actually determines the success and failure of TQM implementation.