Author(s)

Key finding(s): How is value manifested?

Methodology Data/sample

Type of value

Interaction of values

Perspective on values

Topic(s) (1 - 6)

Abosag et al. 2012 [54]

Fans that have a strong emotional attachment to their club have a stronger perception of the club as a brand and support brand extension.

Survey (842 football supporters)

Emotional Economic

Transform: from emotional to economic value.

Brand Customer Sports product

1, 2

Anagnostopoulos et al. 2013 [68]

Football clubs will create new generations through CSR.

Interviews (21 charitable foundation managers)

Emotional Functional Economic

Transform: from emotional to functional and economic (stakeholders’ values).

Society Sports product Brand

3

Bauer et al. 2005 [57]

A customer-based brand equity model is developed in a team sport context. Results of the study also show that brand equity and especially brand awareness are positively related to the number of spectators.

Survey (1594 sport fans)

Emotional Symbolic Functional Economic

Transform: from emotional and symbolic to functional and economic values.

Sports product Brand

2

Benijts et al. 2011 [89]

Coopetition in sports leagues is crucial in the value creation process.

Interviews (27 managers of cycling teams)

Functional Symbolic

Platform: economic value will develop in networks.

Sports product

4

Blumrodt et al. 2013 [69]

CSR in the sports organisation increases fans’ commitment to the club.

Structured questionnaire (996 football supporters)

Emotional Functional Economic

Transform: from emotional to economic and functional value.

Sports product Society Brand

3

Blumrodt et al. 2012 [132]

Activity in the community has the brand value of the football club.

Structured questionnaire

(996 football supporters)

Emotional Functional Economic

Transform: from emotional to economic and functional value.

Sports product Brand

3

Burnes and O’Donnell 2011 [11]

Sport offers a context in which business leaders can learn lessons, especially in terms of change and staff development.

Interviews (8 leading coaches)

Functional Emotional

Transform: from emotional functional value.

Firm

1, 5

Braunstein-Minkove et al. 2011 [63]

The study develops a model that can be used to analyse the effectiveness of an athlete’s endorsers for non-sports products. The results revealed five elements: athlete identification, sport identification, match-up, perceived value, purchase intention

Structured questionnaire (400 university students)

Emotional Economic

Transform: from emotional (finding athlete endorsers that suit the brand and raise positive emotions) to economic value.

Brand

2, 6

Carrillat and d’Astous 2012 [62]

The results of the study clude that it is more beneficial for companies to choose to be the official sponsor of an event or the official provider of integrated products in the event. Trying to concentrate on both strategies is ineffective.

Experimental design (149 university students)

Emotional Functional

Transform: from

emotional to functional (positive consumer attitudes to sponsorship effectiveness).

Brand

2

Carlson et al. 2009 [97]

When a consumer identifies with the team, it has positive effects on retail spending and viewership increases.

Survey (162 university students)

Emotional Symbolic Economic

Transform: from emotional and symbolic to economic (increase in spending due to identification).

Brand

2, 6