Income groups
Countries
Low income
Benin
−0.0537
0.6801***
0.7014***
−0.0058**
0.0531**
0.0151**
Rwanda
−0.1211
1.0190***
1.4789***
−0.0235***
0.0424**
−0.0023**
Uganda
0.0511
1.0791***
1.2301***
−0.0117***
0.0375**
−0.0061*
Burkina faso
−0.0082
0.8512***
0.8913***
−0.0109***
0.0514**
0.0102**
Low&middle
income
Bolivia
−0.0107
0.8618***
0.8536***
0.0439**
0.0232***
−0.0102**
Indonesia
−0.0386
0.8851**
0.8886***
0.0471*
0.0184**
−0.0057*
Philippines
0.0665
0.3729**
0.4595***
0.0529*
−0.0214*
−0.0418**
Vietnam
−0.4172
0.8702***
0.9052***
0.0446**
0.0372***
−0.0198**
Upper middle income
Brazi
0.0178
0.8018***
0.9003***
0.0190**
0.0053*
−0.0040**
China
0.1121
0.6515***
0.5728**
0.0184***
−0.0188*
−0.0012**
Malaysia
−0.3954
0.6885***
0.5760***
0.0166*
0.0041**
−0.0027**
Turkey
−0.0501
0.8800***
0.9035***
0.0257**
0.0012*
−0.0011**
High Income
Iceland
−0.1449
−0.598***
−0.4577***
0.0031***
0.0023**
0.0001*
Italy
−0.0575
0.1111**
0.2120*
0.0113*
0.0070**
0.0024*
Japan
0.0089
−0.3162**
−0.2748*
0.0121**
0.0044**
0.0178**
Singapore
0.1191
0.3340**
0.6241**
0.0013*
0.0111**
0.0012*
Adjusted R2 = 0.912
DW = 2.129
F-statistics = 25.212
P-value = 0.000