Quantitative results show that male partner support can drive cultural sensitivities towards accepting use of contraception Qualitative analysis revealed that men were often referred to as obstacles and were never seen by women to have enabled them plan well for the next births	mixed method	Mixed method approach was used. Quantitative data collected among women aged 18 - 28. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted among women (n = 30) aged 18 - 49, men (n = 10), and 3 midwives	n = 720	to outline context-specific factors associated with contraceptive use, access on demand and future use intentions among women	Ayanore, Pavlova and Groot (2017) [13]
Gender-equitable norms have the potential to increase the prevalence of modern contraceptive use	multilevel longitudinal study	De-identified longitudinal data by the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation project. Data were collected from women aged 15 - 49 living in six cities in Nigeria. Again from 10,672 of the same women (34% attrition rate)	n = 16,118	to examine the association between changes in gender norms and modern contraceptive use over time among women in urban Nigeria	Okigbo, Speizer, Domino, Curtis, Halpern and Fotso (2018) [14]
Study finding indicated that: -Men who were exposed to a religious leader speaking about FP were more likely to report using FP and discussing FP with their partner - Radio activities and television exposure was associated with FP use. - There was an association between community-based activities and these outcomes	two cross-sectional surveys	Two cross-sectional surveys of men in four urban sites of Senegal. Men (15 - 59 years) in a random sample of households from study clusters were approached and asked to participate in a survey	n = 2270	To examining men’s exposure to family planning (FP) program activities in urban Senegal and determining whether exposure is associated with reported FP use and discussion of family planning with female partners	Speizer, Corroon, Calhoun, Gueye and Guilkey (2018) [15]
Study finding revealed that the CHARM intervention, appears to be an effective approach to engage men in family planning, improve marital contraceptive communication and use, and reduce male perpetration of sexual IPV	cluster randomized controlled trial	Two-armed cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted with young married couples, from 50 geographic clusters. Participants were surveyed at baseline and 9 and 18-month follow-up. Surveys were administered in an interview format	n = 1081	To evaluate CHARM [Counseling Husbands to Achieve Reproductive health and Marital equity], delivered to married men	Raj, Ghule, Ritter, Battala, Gajanan, Nair and Saggurti (2016) [16]
Findings revealed that men perceive family planning as a preserve for women. Factors against male involvement include lack of attractive, safe and convenient male contraceptives, disapproval of modern contraceptives by their religions the catholic and Islamic faiths, pressure to have many children Strategies for effective male involvement include intensive education on benefits, misconceptions The target for education should include religious leaders, chiefs and opinion leaders	survey	Purposive and simple random technique was used. Data was collected by using focus group discussion, structured interview and questionnaire. Participants were married men (aged 24 to 65 years)	n = 160	To examines the factors, which inhibit male active involvement in family planning practice, and the strategies that can be implemented to make males effective and reliable partners in family planning practice	Sakara, Namong and Badu-Nyarko (2014) [17]
Intervention mosque goers who recalled messages were more likely to report taking relevant actions	nonequivalent, post-intervention only control group design	Authors used self-administered questionnaires at baseline and 6 months post-intervention. 22 workshops held for male preachers (aged 18 and older). 13 were randomly selected. Eight workshops held for female preachers (aged 18 - 50)	n = 840	To assess the effects of a communication intervention designed to enhance Jordanian religious leaders’ (RLs) communication about family health	Underwood and Kamhawi (2014) [18]