DC (n = 2859)^†

MC (n = 817)

P-value

Maternal age (years), mean (SD)

32.56 (5.1)

31.28 (5.0)

<0.001

Spontaneous conception, n (%)

1455 (50.9)

688 (84.4)

<0.001

Nulliparity, n (%)

1622 (56.7)

407 (49.8)

<0.001

Gestational age at delivery (weeks), mean (SD)

35.2 (7.1)

34.1 (3.4)

<0.001

Sex distribution, male, n (%)

1464 (51.2)

399 (48.8)

0.232

Birthweight (grams), mean (SD)

Birthweight < p10, n (%)

2246.5 (753.0)

715 (25.1)

2039.2 (677.4)

165 (20.3)

<0.001

0.005

Apgar score ≤ 7 at 5 minutes, n (%)

267 (9.4)

105 (15.0)

0.003

Umbilical artery pH < 7.10, n (%)

1048 (36.7)

321(39.5)

0.159

Composite neonatal morbidity, n (%)

- NEC, n (%)

- IVH, n (%)

- Sepsis, n (%)

- RDS, n (%)

- TTS

573 (20.1)

47 (1.6)

168 (5.9)

242 (8.4)

396 (13.8)

200 (24.5)

27 (3.3)

57 (7.0)

92 (11.3)

137 (16.8)

99 (12.1)

0.006

0.003

0.448

0.015

0.038

Admission to NICU, n (%)

Length of stay in NICU (days), median (SD)

1018 (35.6)

6.14 (14.6)

407 (49.8)

37.11 (32.0)

<0.001

<0.001

Early neonatal death, n (%)

93 (3.3)

39 (4.8)

0.039

Late neonatal death, n (%)

20 (0.7)

6 (0.7)

0.917