Variables | Positive outcome | Negative outcome | Odds ratio (95%CI) P value Relative Risk (95%CI) P value |
Polyhydramnios Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
13 17 |
1110 376 |
3.8 (1.9 - 8.0) 0.0003* 3.7 (1.8 - 7.6) 0.0003* |
Cesarean delivery Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
238 124 |
885 269 |
1.7 (1.3 - 2.2) 0.0001* 1.4 (1.2 - 1.8) 0.0001* |
Fetal macrosomia Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
5 11 |
1118 382 |
6.4 (2.2 - 18.6) 0.0006* 6.3 (2.2 - 17.9) 0.0006* |
Fetal anomalies Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
4 9 |
1119 384 |
6.5 (2.0 - 21.4) 0.001* 6.4 (1.9 - 20.7) 0.001* |
Intrauterine fetal death Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
3 9 |
1120 384 |
8.7 (2.3 - 32.5) 0.001* 8.6 (2.3 - 31.5) 0.001* |
Neonatal death Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
2 8 |
1121 385 |
11.6 (2.4 - 55.0) 0.002* 11.4 (2.4 - 53.5) 0.002* |
NICU admission Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
24 25 |
1099 368 |
3.1 (1.75 - 5.5) 0.0001* 2.9 (1.7 - 5.1) 0.0001* |
Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
12 15 |
1111 378 |
3.7 (1.7 - 7.9) 0.0009* 3.6 (1.7 - 7.5) 0.0009* |
Transient tachypnea of the newborn Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
23 24 |
1100 369 |
3.1 (1.7 - 5.5) 0.0001* 2.9 (1.7 - 5.2) 0.0001* |
Neonatal hypoglycemia Controlled GDM Uncontrolled GDM |
15 18 |
1108 375 |
3.5 (1.7 - 7.1) 0.0004* 3.4 (1.7 - 6.7) 0.0003* |