Timing of problems

0.199

Just after birth

105 (98.1)

46 (95.8)

59 (100.0)

Other

2 (1.9)

2 (4.2)

0 (0.0)

Type of problems

0.220

Refusal of breast

43 (40.2)

19 (39.6)

24 (40.7)

Insufficient milk

11 (10.3)

2 (4.2)

9 (15.3)

Flat or umbilical nipples

19 (17.8)

7 (14.6)

12 (20.3)

Painful nipples

2 (1.9)

2 (4.2)

0 (0.0)

Cracked nipples

4 (3.7)

3 (6.2)

1 (1.7)

Pain related to episiotomy

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Other

15 (14.0)

8 (16.7)

7 (11.9)

Two or more problems

13 (12.1)

7 (14.6)

6 (10.2)

Nipple

0.009

Normal

414 (82.8)

218 (87.2)

196 (78.4)

Flat or retracted

86 (17.2)

32 (12.8)

54 (21.6)

Assessment of lactogenesis

1.000

No changes

224 (44.8)

112 (44.8)

112 (44.8)

Slight increase

271 (54.2)

135 (54.0)

136 (54.4)

Significant increase

5 (1.0)

3 (1.2)

2 (0.8)

Discomfort / Severe pain/ Fever

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Correct position of the newborn

0.061

No

5 (1.0)

5 (2.0)

0 (0.0)

Yes

495 (99.0)

245 (98.0)

250 (100.0)

Correct breast taking

0.371

No

50 (10.0)

22 (8.8)

28 (11.2)

Yes

450 (90.0)

228 (91.2)

222 (88.8)

Effective sucking

0.271

No

60 (12.0)

26 (10.4)

34 (13.6)

Yes

440 (88.0)

224 (89.6)

216 (86.4)