Deceased children (n = 58)

Alive children

(n = 179)

RR 95% [IC]

P

Factors related to the mother

Age of mother ˂ 20 ans

6 (10.3%)

3 (1.7%)

2.9 [1.7 - 4.9]

0.002

Mother unschooled

4 (6.8%)

1 (0.5%)

3.4 [1.7 - 4.9]

0.003

Low socio-economic level

48 (82.7%)

123 (68.7%)

1.8 [0.9 - 3.4]

0.03

Factors related to the child

- Living conditions

Number of people per room ≥ 2

54 (93.1%)

147 (82.1%)

2.4 [0.9 - 6.2]

0.04

Use of oil lamps

28 (65.5%)

75 (41.9%)

2.0 [1.2 - 3.3]

0.001

- Epidemiology

Age < 24 months

28 (48.3%)

39 (21.8%)

3.3 [2.1 - 5.1]

0.000

Female

35(60.3%)

69 (38.5%)

1.9 [1.2 - 3.0]

0.000

Breastfeeding

33 (57.0%)

72 (40.2%)

1.6 [1.0 - 2.6]

0.002

Vaccine Hib absent

13 (22.4%)

21 (12.0%)

1.7 [1.0 - 2.8]

0.04

Vaccine PCV7 absent

21 (36.2%)

25 (14.0%)

2.3 [1.7 - 6.9]

0.000

Sickle Cell

8 (13.8%)

5 (2.8%)

2.7 [1.6 - 4.5]

0.001

Antibiotic therapy before hospitalization

45 (77.6%)

60 (33.5%)

4.2 [2.4 - 7.6]

0.000

- Clinic

Coma

14 (24.1)

14 (24.1)

5.3 [2.3 - 12.9]

0.000

Hypothermia

10 (17.2%)

1 (0.55%)

16.7 [1.9 - 146]

0.000

Polypnoea

55 (94.82%)

96 (53.63%)

10.4 [3.3 - 32.3]

0.000

Respiratory distress

57 (98.27%)

76 (42%)

44.5 [6.2 - 316]

0.01

SpO₂ ˂ 90%

35 (60.3%)

9 (5.02%)

6.6 [4.4 - 10.0]

0.01

Severe dehydration

5 (8.6)

1 (0.55%)

16.7 [1.9 - 146]

0.000

Staphylococcus aureus

9 (15.5%)

14 (7.8%)

2.8 [1.2 - 6.7]

0.01

Positive HIV Serology

9 (15.51%)

10 (5.58%)

2.0 [1.2 - 3.5]

0.01

Duration of hospitalization ≤ 2

38 (65.5%)

55 (30.7%)

2.9 [1.8 - 4.7]

0.000