Type of oxide | FAME or FAEE yield % (1st run to last run) | Runs number | Reference |
CaO |
|
|
|
CaO from egg shells | 95 to 75 for fresh oil | 10 | [37] |
93 to 62 for waste cooked oil | 5 | ||
CaO from snail shells | 95 to 85 | 6 | [40] |
CaO | >90 to 70 | 3 | [45] |
CaO | Any deactivation | 4 | [47] |
CaO from carbide slag | 93.83 to 82.6 | 5 | [55] |
CaO | Reduction of 14% | 2 | [62] |
CaO from waste fish scales | 98 with no deactivation | 6 | [66] |
CaO from clam shell | >98 | 2 | [84] |
CaO microcristallin | 90 to 80 | 4 | [85] |
Mixed or supported oxides |
|
|
|
CaO/ZnO | 90 | 4 | [14] |
CaO/ZnO | 64 to 40 for ethanolysis | >3 | [15] |
CaO/silicate | 100 | 2 | [19] |
CaMgO CaZnO | 80 for palm oil 70 for jatropha oil | 3 | [45] |
CaO/Mg/Al | 85 to 80 | 5 | [78] |
CaO-loaded microcapsules | 95.5 to 80.9 | 4 | [83] |