Subscales

n of Items

Cronbach’s α

Sample Items

1) Coping strategies

9

.90

“We take an active attitude and persevere in our efforts to face and resolve problems”

2) Problem-solving communication

7

.90

“We can show understanding, accept differences, and avoid negative judgments”

3) Structural models

6

.78

“We face our difficulties as a couple/family, rather than separately”

4) Beliefs system

5

.73

“Our sufferance has made us more understanding and willing to help others”

5) Social support networks

2

.53

“We can trust in the help of relatives, friends, neighbors, and the community”

6) Financial support sources

2

.23

“We have economic security to be able to overcome difficult times”