Cognitive learning outcomes

Scientific literacy

Mathematical literacy

Reading literacy

Collaborative problem−solving

B

95% CI

B

95% CI

B

95% CI

B

95% CI

Age

14.58**

6.01; 23.14

11.07**

4.17; 17.98

15.62***

8.08; 23.16

16.79***

8.47; 25.10

Gender¹

−15.45***

−20.33; −10.58

−−3.05

−6.98; 0.88

−41.42***

−45.73; −37.10

−45.71***

−50.49; −40.93

Index of ESCS

38.56***

35.20; 41.92

35.12***

32.39; 37.86

34.63***

31.66; 37.60

29.87***

26.60; 33.15

Early childhood education and care

Preschool at 6 years of age²

−

−

−

−

−

−

−

-

Preschool at 6 years of age and

early childhood education started in 3 - 5 years of age

−3.91

−10.41; 2.59

0.86

−4.38; 6.10

−3.54

−9.26; 2.19

−2.60

−8.90; 3.71

Preschool at 6 years of age and

early childhood care started before 3 years of age

3.81

−4.21; 11.84

7.96*

1.49; 14.43

4.45

−2.62; 11.51

2.36

−5.43; 10.15