Assessment content

Control group (n = 34)

Observation group (n = 32)

t-value

P-value

Medical consultation

7.47 ± 0.99

7.97 ± 0.93

2.10

0.040*

Physical examination

7.18 ± 0.72

8.44 ± 0.62

7.63

0.000*

Communication skills and humanistic care

7.44 ± 0.86

8.13 ± 0.71

3.52

0.001*

Clinical thinking and treatment

7.15 ± 0.89

7.66 ± 0.87

2.35

0.022*

Overall performance

7.06 ± 0.78

7.91 ± 0.73

4.55

0.000*