Variables | Model (1) | Model (2) | Model (3) | Model (4) | Model (5) |
Producer driven mode | Buyer driven mode | Vertical specialization | Production non-integration | GVC Evolution | |
lntech | 1.088** (2.50) |
|
|
| 1.229** (2.39) |
lnhum | 1.137** (2.76) |
|
|
| 1.886** (2.88) |
lnmp |
| 1.720*** (3.25) |
|
| 1.782*** (3.57) |
lnvs |
|
| 0.177* (1.81) |
| 0.365* (1.68) |
lngvo |
|
|
| 0.717** (2.09) | 0.776** (2.52) |
lncost | −0.458*** (−3.09) | −0.534** (−2.67) | −3.770*** (−5.66) | −3.814*** (−5.69) | −2.932** (−2.46) |
lninfra | 0.132 (1.31) | 0.538*** (4.81) | 0.186* (1.73) | 0.180* (1.67) | 0.198** (2.48) |
lnopen | 0.178*** (4.09) | 0.162** (2.31) | 0.978*** (6.34) | 0.967*** ( 6.26 ) | 0.682*** (6.68) |
lnid | −0.065* (−1.33) | −0.063* (−1.53) | −0.007* (−1.76) | −0.003* (−1.77) | −0.108* (−1.94) |
_Cons | 6.608** (2.48) | −8.943*** (−5.07) | 31.944*** (4.59) | 32.313*** (4.65) | 38.776*** (5.67) |
Industryfixed effect | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Time fixed effect | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Country fixed effect | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Wald test | Prob > chi2 = 0.0000 | Prob > chi2 = 0.0000 | Prob > chi2 = 0.0000 | Prob > chi2 = 0.0000 | Prob > chi2 = 0.0000 |
Wooldridge test | Prob > F = 0.0000 | Prob > F = 0.0000 | Prob > F = 0.0000 | Prob > F = 0.0000 | Prob > F = 0.0000 |
Pesaran test | Pr = 0.0000 | Pr = 0.0000 | Pr = 0.0000 | Pr = 0.0000 | Pr = 0.0000 |