variables

Controls

n = 32

CHF

n = 71

P-value

Age (years)

70.5 ± 2.2

71.1 ± 4.1

NS

Sex

Male

Female

18 (56.3%)

14 (43.7%)

45 (63.4%)

26 (36.6%)

NS

BMI (kg/m2)

23.8 ± 0.8

25.4 ± 0.6

NS

Dominant hand

Right hand

Left hand

Both hands

28 (87.5%)

4 (12.5%)

0 (0%)

60 (84.5%)

9 (12.7%)

2 (2.8%)

NS

Residential status

Rural

Urban

14 (43.8%)

18 (56.2%)

28 (39.4%)

43 (60.6%)

NS

Education level

NS

None

3 (9.4%)

12 (16.9%)

Elementary

10 (31.2%)

23 (32.4%)

High school

11 (34.4%)

22 (31%)

Higher education

8 (25%)

14 (19.7%)

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

110.8 ± 7

109 ± 17.1

NS

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

70.4 ± 9.6

69.6 ± 12

NS

Pulse (bpm)

76.6 ± 5.3

83.2 ± 8.5

<0.05

BNP (pg/ml)

32.8 ± 9.3

513.5 ± 17.5

<0.001

HGS of both hands (kg)

77.8 ± 11

9.71 ± 4.4

<0.001

30 s. Chair standing test (rep.)

13.5 ± 1.12

8.8 ± 3.1

<0.001