variables | Controls n = 32 | CHF n = 71 | P-value |
Age (years) | 70.5 ± 2.2 | 71.1 ± 4.1 | NS |
Sex Male Female |
18 (56.3%) 14 (43.7%) |
45 (63.4%) 26 (36.6%) | NS |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.8 ± 0.8 | 25.4 ± 0.6 | NS |
Dominant hand Right hand Left hand Both hands |
28 (87.5%) 4 (12.5%) 0 (0%) |
60 (84.5%) 9 (12.7%) 2 (2.8%) | NS |
Residential status Rural Urban |
14 (43.8%) 18 (56.2%) |
28 (39.4%) 43 (60.6%) |
NS |
Education level |
|
| NS |
None | 3 (9.4%) | 12 (16.9%) | |
Elementary | 10 (31.2%) | 23 (32.4%) | |
High school | 11 (34.4%) | 22 (31%) | |
Higher education | 8 (25%) | 14 (19.7%) | |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110.8 ± 7 | 109 ± 17.1 | NS |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.4 ± 9.6 | 69.6 ± 12 | NS |
Pulse (bpm) | 76.6 ± 5.3 | 83.2 ± 8.5 | <0.05 |
BNP (pg/ml) | 32.8 ± 9.3 | 513.5 ± 17.5 | <0.001 |
HGS of both hands (kg) | 77.8 ± 11 | 9.71 ± 4.4 | <0.001 |
30 s. Chair standing test (rep.) | 13.5 ± 1.12 | 8.8 ± 3.1 | <0.001 |