Gender

Women

Men

58

50

32.8

40.7

119

73

67.2

59.3

P

NS

Age (years)

<30

30 - 40

40 - 50

50 - 60

60 - 70

>70

8

13

16

23

18

30

11.9

22.4

33.3

56.1

54.5

56.6

59

45

32

18

15

23

88.1

77.6

66.7

43.9

45.5

43.4

P

<0.001

Educational level

Illiterate

Coranic studies-Primary school

Middle-high school-University

75

25

8

42.1

30.9

19.5

103

56

33

57.9

69.1

80.5

P

<0.01

Employment

Yes

No

16

92

26.2

38.5

45

147

73.8

61.5

P

NS

Socio-economic status

Low

Medium/high

93

15

37.2

30

157

35

62.8

70

P

NS

Diabetes duration (years)

<10

10 - 20

>20

25

46

37

19.5

41.4

60.7

103

65

24

80.5

58.6

39.3

P

<0.001

Hypertension

Yes

No

46

62

57.5

28.2

34

158

42.5

71.8

P

<0.001

Overweight and Obesity

Yes

No

67

41

44.7

27.3

83

109

55.3

72.7

P

<0.001

HbA1c (%)

Good glycemic control (<7)

Poor glycemic control (>7)

11

97

28.2

37.2

28

164

71.8

62.8

P

NS

Creatinine (mg/l)

Normal

High

59

45

23.1

100

188

0

76.1

0

P

<0.001