| Barba (2003) | Martínez-Franzoni (2007) | Mesa-Lago (1994) | (Mesa-Lago, 2009) | Non Contributory Pensions | |
Groups | Reforms and model | |||||
Period | Up until the decade of 1970 | Data 2004-2006 | Decade of 1980 and beginning of the 1990 decade | Data 2004-2006 | Decade of 1990 | Established prior to 2010 |
Arg | Universalistic | State-productive | Pioneer high | 1 | Mixed (returned to the public system 2008) | Available for the rural and urban sectors |
Bol | Exclusive | Highly familiaristic | Intermediate | 3 | Substitute but studying reform | Renta Dignidad not exclusively rural |
Bra | Dual | State-protectionist | Pioneer-high | 1 | Public (parametric reforms) | Rural prevision system since19882 |
Chi | Universalistic | State-productivist | Pioneer High | 1 | Substitute (1981) re-reform in 2008 | Available for rural and urban sectors |
Col | Dual | Familiaristic | Intermediate | 2 | Parallel |
|
CR | Universalistic | State-protectionist | Is an exception: late (60 - 70) but high coverage, emerges united and almost universal | 1 | Mixed | Available rural and urban coverage |
Cu | Universalistic |
| Is an exception: late (60 - 70) but high coverage statist and universal | 1 | Public, with parametric reforms |
|
Ecu | Exclusive | Familiaristic | Intermediate | 3 | Public | Since 2003 by means test for 65+ |
Gua | Exclusive | Familiaristic | Late (60 - 70)-low | 3 | Public | Since 2005 by means test for 65+ |
Hai | Exclusive |
| Late (60 - 70)-low | 3 | Public |
|
Hon | Exclusive | Highly familiaristic | Late (60 - 70)-low coverage | 3 | Public |
|
Mex | Dual | State-protectionist | Intermediate | 2 | Substitute (1997 y 2007) | Since 2003 universal 68+ in Mexico City; since 2007 universal 70+ in certain locations of the country |
Nic | Exclusive | Highly familiaristic | Late (60 - 70)-low coverage | 3 | Public |
|
Pan |
| State-protectionist | Intermediate (40.50)- intermediate coverage | 1 | Mixed (since 2008) | Since 2009, for 70+ that have no other pension |
Par | Exclusive | Highly familiaristic | Late-low | 3 | Public | Since 2010 by means test 65+ in certain locations |
Per | Exclusive | Familiaristic | Intermediate | 3 | Parallel | Since 2011 by means test 65+ and in certain locations |
Sal | Exclusive | Familiaristic | Late (60 - 70)-low coverage | 3 | Substitute | Since 2003, for 70+, in the rural sector and by means test |
DR | Exclusive | Familiaristic | Late (60 - 70)-low coverage | 3 | Substitute but allows return to the public |
|
Uru | Universalistic | State-protectionist | Pioneer-high | 1 | Mixed | Available for both rural and urban sectors |
Ven | Dual | Familiaristic | Intermediate | 2 | Public |
|