| 1. Former autonomous provinces | 2. Insistence on territory without basis |
| Abkhazia (in Georgia, former USSR) | Transnistria (in Moldova, former USSR) |
| South Ossetia (in Georgia, former USSR) | Republic of Serbian Krajina (in Croatia, former Yugoslavia)* |
| Nagorno Karabakh (in Azerbaijan, former USSR) |
|
| Kosovo (in Serbia, former Yugoslavia) |
|
| Chechen Republic (in Russia, former USSR)* |
|
| Republic of Srpska (in Bosnia and Herzegovina, former Yugoslavia)* |
|