No.	Teachers’ perception of students’ problems in LEARNING simple past tense	Sum of teachers	Percentage of teachers	Subcategories	Number of tokens	Total tokens	Percentage
1	Students have problems in learning the form of simple past tense	49/82	59.76%	Regular and irregular forms	28	53	52.83%
				Irregular forms	15		28.30%
				Pronunciation	5		9.43%
				Confusion	3		5.66%
				Negative forms	2		3.77%
2	Students have problems in learning the usage of simple past tense	38/82	46.34%	Knowledge of when to use simple past tense	19	44	43.18%
				forget to use	10		22.73%
				Confusion between past and other tenses	10		22.73%
				Inconsistency in using	5		11.36%
3	Students have problems in using temporal adverbials or key words	13/82	15.85%	Not using temporal adverbials or key words	9	13	69.23%
3		13/82	15.85%	Over-reliance on temporal adverbials or key words	4	13	30.77%
4	Lack of past tense concept (L1 influence, cultural differences)	15/82	18.29%
5	Less exposure to English	2/82	2.44%
6	Students have no interests in learning English past tense	2/82	2.44%
7	Others	2/82	2.44%	Students cannot understand the meaning of the verbs; students are weak in all aspects of English.
8	Students have no problems in learning simple past tense	2/82	2.44%