No.

Strategies used to help students learn simple past tense

Sum of teachers

Percentage of teachers

Subcategories

Number of tokens

Total tokens

Percentage

1

Exercises on the past tense forms

27/82

32.93%

General drilling

7

33

21.21%

Regular and irregular forms (including categorizing them)

6

18.18%

Spelling

6

18.18%

Reciting past tense forms

5

15.15%

Transformation

4

12.12%

Fill-in practice/sentence writing

3

9.09%

Pronunciation

1

3.03%

Match the forms of past tense

1

3.03%

2

Providing contextual information

31/82

37.80%

Listening or reading stories, passages, diaries or sentences

23

33

69.70%

Context

5

15.15%

Story telling

4

12.12%

Authentic materials

1

3.03%

3

Highlighting time markers

27/82

32.93%

4

Communicative activities

26/82

31.71%

5

Using verb tables

20/82

24.39%

6

Writing Practice

13/82

15.85%

7

Highlighting the past tense forms

12/82

14.63%

8

Explanation of both forms and meanings of simple past tense

9/82

10.98%

Explanation of meaning

4

11

36.36%

Explanation of form and meaning

3

27.27%

Explaining the exceptions (e.g. the cases of not using simple past tense)

2

18.18%

Explanation of form

1

9.09%

Explanation of usage

1

9.09%

9

Error correction

11/82

13.41%

10

Comparison of present tense and past tense

11/82

13.41%

11

Using timeline

11/82

13.41%

12

Games focusing on past tense forms

6/82

7.32%

13

General games

4/82

4.88%

14

Others

4/82

4.88%

-a “warming up” exercise to review past tense from time to time

-Reminding students to use past tense in writing tasks

-Teaching and explaining “to infinitive”

-introducing the use of past tense-->introducing regular/irregular verbs-->examples-->games--> practice

15

Evaluation (quiz and test)

3/82

3.66%

16

Translation

2/82

2.44%