Flux

Momentum

Heat

Mass

Gradient

Current

Flow Rate (ν)

Temperature

(T)

Dissolved Oxygen

(DO)

Fe2+(aq)

FeS

H2S

Algae

Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB)

Surface

Ocean

+

+

+

+

1)

Deep

Ocean

+

+

+

3)

2)

+