Characteristic

LISTEN Group

(N = 13)

Attention Control

(N = 10)

Difference Statistic

Demographic

Age (mean ± SD years)

75 ± 7.5

75 ± 8.8

t = 0.015, p = 0.98

Gender (% female)

85%

100%

χ² = 1.69, p = 0.19

Marital Status (% married)

38%

20%

χ² = 2.58, p = 0.46

Highest Education Completed (N (%))

χ² = 4.35, p = 0.50

High School or Less

2 (15)

4 (40)

Some College

6 (46)

2 (20)

Undergraduate Degree

3 (23)

1 (10)

Graduate Degree

2 (15)

3 (30)

Household Income (N (%))

χ² = 8.9, p = 0.26

Less than $20,000

3 (23)

6 (60)

$20,001 - $30,000

4 (31)

2 (20)

Over $30,000

6 (46)

2 (20)

Employment Status (N (%))

χ² = 0.21, p = 0.90

Retired and Not Working

10 (77)

7 (70)

Working Part-Time

3 (23)

3 (30)

Physical

Body Mass Index (mean ± SD kg/m²)

31 ± 8.1

28 ± 7.5

t = −0.654, p = 0.52

Systolic Blood Pressure (mean ± SD mmHg)

140 ± 11

128 ± 16

t = −2.04, p = 0.07

Diastolic Blood Pressure (mean ± SD mmHg)

79 ± 7

75 ± 11

t = −1.16, p = 0.29

Total Chronic Illnesses (mean ± SD), (N (%))

3.1 ± 1.5

2.4 ± 1.6

t = −1.05, p = 0.31

Arthritis

8 (62)

7 (70)

Cancer

3 (23)

3 (30)

Diabetes

5 (38)

4 (40)

Heart Disease

5 (38)

1 (10)

Hypertension

10 (77)

3 (30)

Lung Disease

5 (38)

4 (40)

Stroke

1 (8)

0 (0)

Psychosocial

UCLA Loneliness Scale Score (mean ± SD)

48.5 ± 7.8

50.3 ± 8.7

t = 0.49, p = 0.625

Geriatric Depression Scale Score (mean ± SD)

2.04 ± 1.3

1.65 ± 1.4

t = −0.70, p = 0.493