No. | Year | CNR | Range/Extended | syndromes | Pathogens | Number of cases | Commentary (publication reference) | ||||
1 | 2006 | Malaria drug resistant | national | Diagnostic test | Plasmodium falciparum | 6 tests assessed including 4 retained | BCP Malaria, CareStartTM Malaria pLDH, Acurate Malaria Test, SD Malaria Antigen: could be used in the diagnosis of malaria (Report 2006 (Unpublished data). | ||||
2 | 2006 | Bacterial meningitis | Regional epidemic (Séguela, Bouna, Bouaké, tengrela, dabakala, daloa, soubre, boundiali) | Meningeal syndrome | N, meningitidis A N, meningitidis W135 N, non-typeable meningitidis S, pneumoniae | 49 cases | These data enabled the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene via the National Institute of Public Hygiene to carry out a vaccination response in the health districts affected by the epidemic (Report 2006; Unpublished data). | ||||
3 | 2006 | Cholera and shigellosis | epidemic in 3 health districts (Abidjan and 2 in western Côte d’Ivoire (Danané and Zouan Hounien). | Gastroenteritis syndrome | Vibrio cholera | 21 cases | The age group most affected by cholera is between 16 and 45 years old. Children were the least affected (Report 2006 [14] ). | ||||
4 | 2006 | Agents of sexually transmitted infections | national | Diagnostic test | Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | 3 tests assessed including 1 retained | Chek plus HIV 1 - 2 sensitivity and specificity 100%, report 2006 (Unpublished data). | ||||
5 | 2006 | Measles | National epidemic: 37 health districts | Nasopharyngeal syndrome | measles virus | 11 cases | (Report 2006; Unpublished data). | ||||
6 | 2006 | Influenza and respiratory virus | LANADA (animal sample) | surveillance | Influenza viruses | 22 cases | 7 positive (including 5 H5N1) (Unpublished data). | ||||
7 | 2006 | Influenza and respiratory virus | Sentinel site and national investigation | Human nasopharyngeal syndrome | Influenza viruses | 46 cases | 23 positive 3 positive (ELISA) 10 Flu M gene positives (Unpublished data). | ||||
8 | 2006 | Yellow fever | Epidemic | hemorrhagic fever | yellow fever virus | 376 cases | 2 sera from Côte d’Ivoire which proved positive for IgM-type anti-yellow fever antibodies were confirmed by the regional laboratory, IP Dakar. | ||||
9 | 2006 | Poliomyelitis | surveillance | AFP | wild poliovirus | 1570 cases | 0 wild poliovirus after cell culture, 181 non-polio enterovirus 14 vaccine-derived polio virus (Unpublished data). | ||||
10 | 2007 | Bacterial meningitis | National epidemic | Meningeal syndrome | N.meningitidis A N.meningitidis C N.meningitidis W135 N.meningitidis sp. S.pneumoniae H. influenzae B Streptococcus agalactiae B | 98 cases | Three techniques are used at CNR level. These are culture, the search for soluble antigens and PCR. The interest of PCR in the detection of bacteria in CSF is undeniable given the results (Report 2007; Unpublished data). | ||||
11 | 2007 | Poliomyelitis | surveillance | AFP | Non-polio enterovirus vaccine-derived polio virus | 1626 | 0 wild poliovirus after cell culture, 163 non-polio enterovirus 16 vaccine-derived polio virus Unpublished data). | ||||
12 | 2007 | Influenza and respiratory viruses | surveillance | flu syndrome | RSV Parainfluenza virus | 425 cases | Each sample was tested simultaneously by the ELISA technique for the identification of type and B influenza viruses and inoculated on MDCK cells for viral isolation. Secondarily, the search for the viral genome of influenza A, B and C, Metapneumovirus, RSV, Parainfluenza 1, 2, 3 and 4, rhinovirus, and Coronavirus OC 43 and 229E viruses was carried out by molecular biology. Of the 425 samples, 40 were positive for influenza, i.e. a prevalence of 9.41%. 13 cases or 3.06% of RSV infection were confirmed. The search for Parainfluenza viruses was carried out on 94 samples from the Pediatrics department of the University Hospital of Treichville and made it possible to highlight 9 cases of infection by Parainfluenza viruses. Unpublished data. | ||||
13 | 2007 | Measles | surveillance | Nasopharyngeal syndrome | Anti-measles specific IgM | 348 cases | Measles confirmation: For all suspected cases based on sera: 13.1% (Unpublished data). | ||||
14 | 2008 | Tuberculosis | Slaughterhouse | Tuberculosis in cattle | Mr bovis | 104 cases | the first time in Côte d’Ivoire, that Mycobacterium bovis was isolated from cattle slaughtered at the slaughterhouse, to confirm the existence of animal tuberculosis (Cissé et al. 2008; CISSE et al. 2008). | ||||
15 | 2009 | Bacterial meningitis | Epidemic | Meningeal syndrome | S.pneumoniae H. influenzae b Neisseria meningitidis 3 N.meningitidis. VS N.meningitidis. B S. agalactiae Cryptococcus neoformans | 29 cases | the emergence of NmW135 in Côte d’Ivoire, as well as the simultaneous disappearance of NmA (Soumahoro et al. 2018). | ||||
16 | 2009 | Poliomyelitis | surveillance | Acute flaccid paralysis | wild-type poliovirus Non-polio enterovirus vaccine-derived polio virus | 102 cases | After treatment, inoculation and intratypic differentiation, 102 cases of poliovirus were isolated, i.e. 15%, of which 53 were type 1 wild type poliovirus. 47 were of vaccine origin including 40 type 1, 6 type 2 and 1 type 3 (2007 Report; Unpublished data). | ||||
17 | 2009 | Measles | National outbreak | Nasopharyngeal syndrome | Anti-measles specific IgM | 762 cases | 64 health districts were affected by positive cases of measles with recrudescence in the districts of Abidjan (2007 report; Unpublished data). | ||||
18 | 2009 | Influenza and respiratory viruses | sentinel surveillance, pandemic influenza investigation | flu syndrome | influenza A and B viruses virus type A, type H3N2 virus type A, type H1N1 untypeable virus | 1360 samples 456 positive cases | Influenza virus types A and B circulated. Type A viruses, 167 (50.45%) were of the H3N2 subtype and 37.46% were non-typeable. Two cases of influenza A (H1N1)2009 have been diagnosed in patients from the United States. Antigenic characterization of circulating strains was performed at the WHO collaborating center, Atlanta). All A (H3N2) viruses were antigenically close to the A/BRISBANE/10/2007-LIKE (H3N2) strain. The A (H1N1) virus strains were antigenically close to the A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)v strain (Report 2009; (Unpublished data). | ||||
19 | 2009 | Rage | surveillance | animal bite | Lyssavirus | 32 samples | 2 confirmed human cases of rabies (Report 2009; Unpublished data). | ||||
20 | 2010 | Measles | National outbreak | Nasopharyngeal syndrome | Anti-measles specific IgM | 913 suspected cases | 461 cases have been confirmed with an annual prevalence of 50.49%. The prevalence for the year 2009 was 24.27% with 185 confirmed cases out of 713 samples taken from suspected cases. This situation was linked to measles outbreaks in the districts of Abidjan West and Abidjan East (Report 2010; Unpublished data). | ||||
21 | 2010 | Yellow fever | yellow fever and dengue fever epidemic | Hemorrhagic fever | Dengue virus Yellow Fever Virus | 964 suspected cases | Epidemiological, biological and entomological investigations around confirmed cases of dengue fever and yellow fever in the Montagnes, Sud Comoé and Worodougou health regions, particularly in 04 health districts The entomological component consisted of capturing adult mosquitoes (135 batches of mosquitoes, Séguéla/Man/Zouan-Hounien/Aboisso), (Report 2010; Unpublished data). | ||||
22 | 2010 | Influenza and respiratory viruses | sentinel surveillance, pandemic influenza investigation | flu syndrome | influenza A and B viruses type B virus, virus type A, type H3N2 virus type A(H1N1)v non-typeable viruses | 447 cases | Absence of circulation of seasonal A (H1N1) viruses and almost permanent circulation of the pandemic virus and an upsurge of type B viruses. | ||||
23 | 2011 | Cholera and Shigellosis | Investigation of an outbreak of cholera Attecoubé | gastroenteritis | Vibrio cholera | 634 cases | ongoing monitoring for drug resistance can help choose a standardized treatment regimen. Further genotypic characterization of Vibrio choleraeO1 isolates will be needed [15] . | ||||
24 | 2011 | Diarrhea virus | epidemiological and virological monitoring of pediatric rotavirus diarrhea in five (5) sentinel sites (CHU Yopougon, CHU Cocody, HGYOPAT, HGAN, HGPB). | diarrhea monitoring | rotavirus diarrhea; enterovirulent viruses | 200 cases | (Report 2011; Unpublished data). | ||||
25 | 2012 | Influenza and respiratory viruses | surveillance of cases of flu-like illnesses and surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections | flu syndromes and surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections | virus type A and B A(H1N1) pdm09 virus co-infections between types and subtypes of influenza viruses. | 111 | Cases of co-infections between types and subtypes of influenza viruses have been observed (Report 2012; Unpublished data). | ||||
26 | 2012 | ORMICI | Monitoring Multi-Resistant Bacteria abidjan and CHR | ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae Staphylococcus Meti R | Hurt 24.6% SAMR 29.4 | The monitoring of the evolution of BMR (Multi-Resistant Bacteria) shows a catastrophic situation in our hospitals but also in the city of Abidjan. These figures challenge us. It is time to react. Infections will become increasingly untreatable (Report 2012; Unpublished data). | |||||
27 | 2012 | Cholera and shigellosis | Regional cholera epidemic (south comoé) | gastroenteritis | V. cholerae were serogroup O1. | 67 cases | In different African epidemiological settings, substantial variation has occurred in cholera incidence, age distribution, clinical presentation, culture confirmation, and testing frequency. These results can help guide prevention activities, including the use of vaccines (Sauvageot et al. 2016). | ||||
28 | 2012 | Bacterial meningitis | National epidemic | Meningeal syndrome | Neisseria meningitdis serogroup W135 | 163 cases | travelers to the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa may be at risk of infection with N. meningitidis serogroup W135 (Taha et al. 2013). | ||||
29 | 2012 | Tuberculosis | Animal pathology laboratory | Tuberculosis syndrome in cattle | Mr bovis | 1 case | (Report 2012; Unpublished data). | ||||
30 | 2012 | RIISIN | -Public structures 5 Services of the CHU of Cocody -SAMU -3 Private medical structures | monitoring the circulation of pathogenic bacteria in the hospital environment | Enterobacteriaceae No Enterobacteriaceae Staphylococcus spp Streptococcus species Pseudomonas multi-resistant | 249 samples | Pseudomonas multi-resistant and resistant to Imipenem was observed for the first time in the intensive care unit of the University Hospital of Cocody. An alert was given to the Ministry of Health and the Fight against AIDS on February 7, 2012. | ||||
31 | 2013 | Yellow fever | Epidemic | Hemorrhagic fever | yellow fever virus | 7 | (Report 2012; Unpublished data). | ||||
32 | 2013 | Bacterial meningitis | Laboratory network monitoring | Meningeal syndrome | -S. pneumonia -NmA -NmC -NmW135 -Hib -S agalactiae | 28 cases | The majority of the samples came from the health region of Abidjan 2. The main germs were S. pneumoniae followed by N. m W135. Northern regions included in the meningitis belt sent fewer samples. Several hypotheses can be mentioned: difficulties in transporting CSF to the CNRm, reduction in cases of meningitis following the vaccination campaign (tetravalent vaccine ACYW135). | ||||
33 | 2013 | Influenza and respiratory virus | Surveillance | ARI in children | other non-influenza respiratory viruses | 1509 ca | Multiplex RT-PCR assays targeting 10 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) respiratory viruses were tested [16] . | ||||
34 | 2015 | Rage | Diagnosis of rabies in suspected persons on biopsy of skin, saliva and urine | Rabies suspect | rabies virus | 10 cases | All samples processed by molecular techniques were found to be positive. (Tiembre et al. 2010). | ||||
35 | 2015 | Hemorrhagic fever | the threat of the Ebola virus fever epidemic, | Ebola suspect | Hemorrhagic fever virus | 5 sera of suspected cases | negative results in Ebola gene amplification test but vigilance must remain. | ||||
36 | 2017 | Hemorrhagic fevers | National epidemic | Hemorrhagic fever | Dengue virus | 2849 samples | DENV-2 dominated this outbreak even though all three serotypes were detected by RT-PCR. The increasing trend of co-circulation of dengue virus serotypes suggests that Abidjan is transitioning from an endemic to a hyperendemic state [17] . | ||||
37 | 2018 | Hemorrhagic fevers | dengue fever outbreak | Hemorrhagic syndrome | dengue virus, lassa virus | 1 case | fatal human case of Lassa fever in Bangolo district in western Côte d’Ivoire in 2015 [18] . | ||||
38 | 2019 | Hemorrhagic fevers | District Abobo | Hemorrhagic syndrome | Crimea Congo Virus | 1 case | Cirulation of crimean congo virus in Ivory Coast [19] [20] . | ||||
39 | 2020 | Influenza and respiratory virus | pandemic | corona virus | corona virus | More than 1 million direct debits | This pandemic has put all the economic and health systems of the countries of the world to the test. Several works have been carried out [21] [22] . | ||||
40 | 2020 | Bacterial meningitis | national | Diagnostic test | Neisseria meningitidis | 1 trial | Validation of a new immunochromatographic test (MeningoSpeed, BioSpeedia, France) for the detection and clustering of Neisseria meningitidis [23] . | ||||