Endpoints

At the start

At the end

p-value

Severity

1.3 ± 0.1

1.2 ± 0.1

0.083

Number of acne lesions

Number of inflammatory acne lesions

4.2 ± 0.8

3.2 ± 0.7

0.027

*

Number of non-inflammatory acne lesions

7.9 ± 1.2

4.2 ± 0.6

<0.01

**

Skin findings

Dryness score

0.30 ± 0.10

0.23 ± 0.10

0.480

Erythema score

0.27 ± 0.10

0.20 ± 0.09

0.317

Acne scar [count]

1.0 ± 0.0

1.0 ± 0.2

1.000

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation score

0.77 ± 0.13

0.47 ± 0.11

0.007

**

Analysis of epidermal stratum corneum

IL-1α [pg/μg protein]

18.65 ± 2.87

8.12 ± 1.38

<0.01

**

Degree of multilayer exfoliation

0.12 ± 0.01

0.09 ± 0.01

0.020

*

Skin instrumental measurement

Skin surface lipid content [μg/cm²]

17.48 ± 3.91

8.15 ± 1.66

<0.01

**

Skin color

L* value

62.10 ± 0.45

63.43±0.56

< 0.01

**

a* value

11.87 ± 0.40

10.32±0.45

< 0.01

**

Image analysis

Pore count

1270.9 ± 85.2

1139.8 ± 93.2

0.001

**

Texture count

1197.6 ± 115.2

1086.1 ± 115.0

0.013

*

Red spot count

153.6 ± 10.1

137.6 ± 11.5

0.007

**

Pigmented spot count

88.2 ± 6.0

80.6 ± 6.4

<0.01

**