| Parameter | Effect |
| Skin vitality | Significant improvement in elastic tissue content (after 8 weeks) [73] . |
| Inhibition of lipoxygenase, metalloproteinase-2, hyaluronidase, and collagenase [74] [75] . | |
| Strong antioxidant capacity, demonstrated by in vivo studies [76] [77] [78] . | |
| Improvement in erythema and telangiectasias after 12 months [79] . | |
| Suppression of melanin production via inhibition of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 activities [75] . | |
| UV protection | Protection of skin against harmful UV radiation and helped to improve overall skin quality (in terms of elasticity, roughness, scaling, density, and water homeostasis; results evaluated after 12 weeks) [80] . |
| Dose-dependently reduce UVR induced cells DNA damage in fibroblasts and keratinocytes cell cultures [81] . | |
| Others (inflammation and body composition) | Inhibition of adipogenesis (shown in cell lines, animal models, and humans) [82] . |
| Reduction in body fat, systolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (after 12 weeks) [83] . | |
| Increasing energy expenditure via thermogenesis, fat oxidation, and fecal lipid excretion [84] . | |
| Attenuation of the development of obesity, symptoms associated with the metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver (after 16 weeks), via decreased lipid absorption and decreased inflammation [85] . | |
| Downregulation of over 100 genes related to tissue inflammatory responses [86] . |