| Domain | Electromagnetism | Acoustics | ||
| Alignment | Transverse | Longitudinal | Transverse | Longitudinal |
| Permittivities |
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| Permeabilities |
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| Currents |
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| Continuity equations |
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| Fields |
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| Adjoint fields |
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| Quanta of fields | Transverse photon | Longitudinal photon | Transverse phonon | Longitudinal phonon |
| Motion equations (in d’Alembert form) |
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| Gauges |
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| Free wave equations |
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| Shadow wave equations |
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| Energy flows |
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| Energy densities |
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| Quantized charges |
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