| Classification | Cosmological medium | Conventional medium |
| Basic unit | Virtual particle-antiparticle pair | Atom or molecular |
| Investigation system | Large number virtual pairs | Large number molecules |
| Leading interaction | Virtual Van der Waals force | Van der Waals force |
| Inertia indexes | Vacuum mass density | Mass density |
| Elasticity indexes | Vacuum elastic modulus | Elastic modulus |
| Propagated waves | Cosmological acoustic wave | Conventional acoustic wave |